Altera Stratix GX Transceiver Manuel d'utilisateur Page 208
- Page / 318
- Table des matières
- MARQUE LIVRES
Noté. / 5. Basé sur avis des utilisateurs
8–4 Altera Corporation
Stratix GX Transceiver User Guide January 2005
Pattern Generator
deterministic data dependant components are masked out. However, for
more accurate measurements, use a TIA or some type of jitter separation
software to break down the random and deterministic components.
High-frequency mode is also useful when trying to characterize the
high-frequency losses in the time domain. The delta amplitude difference
between the high-frequency pattern and the low-frequency pattern can
give you a first-order approximation of the high-frequency losses due to
the skin effect and dielectric losses. This method is useful only for a
first-order approximation; use extractions of RLGC values with 2D and
3D field solvers to determine more accurate loss coefficients.
High-frequency mode is enabled when option 2 is selected in the
Quartus II software under what self test mode do you want to use?
Enable the 8b/10b encoder to generate the high-frequency pattern. If it is
disabled, an 8'b10110101 character is sent instead of the
10'b1010101010 character.
Low-Frequency Mode Generator
In low-frequency mode, the BIST generator transmits a K28.7 -/+
character (8'b11111100) into the 8b/10b encoder to generate a
10'b0011111000 or 10'b1100000111 low-frequency character. The
low-frequency data transition toggles at one-tenth the data rate of the
high-frequency pattern.
Like the high-frequency pattern, the low-frequency pattern is DC
balanced with the number of ones equal to the number of zeros. This fact
is important when trying to perform a first order random jitter
measurement. You can measure this jitter using an oscilloscope with a
histogram defined at the zero crossing point. This method is crude, but
still yields a first-order estimated value, because the majority of the
deterministic data-dependant components are masked out. However, for
more accurate measurements, use a TIA or some type of jitter separation
software to break down the random and deterministic components.
Because the data transitions in a slower frequency, the signal is less prone
to high-frequency losses. As a result, the signal is able to rise to a higher
amplitude than the high-frequency components. Therefore, the delta
between the two measurements yields a first order approximation of the
high-frequency losses in the time domain. Once again, this approach is
useful only for a first-order approximation. Use extractions of RLGC
values with 2D and 3D field solvers to determine more accurate loss
coefficients.
- 101 Innovation Drive 1
- San Jose, CA 95134 1
- (408) 544-7000 1
- Contents 3
- Chapter 4. SONET Mode 4
- Chapter 5. XAUI Mode 4
- Chapter 6. GigE Mode 5
- Chapter 7. Loopback Modes 5
- About This User Guide 7
- Typographic 8
- Conventions 8
- 1. Introduction 9
- Transceiver 10
- Architecture 10
- Digital Overview 11
- Byte Serializer/Deserializer 12
- 8B/10B Encoder/Decoder 12
- Modes of 13
- Operation 13
- Loopback 17
- Built-In Self Test 17
- 1–10 Altera Corporation 18
- Modes of Operation 18
- 2. Stratix GX Analog 19
- Description 19
- Programmable Pre-Emphasis 22
- Transmitter PLL 23
- Clock Synthesis 24
- 2–8 Altera Corporation 26
- Transmitter Analog 26
- Receiver Analog 27
- 2–10 Altera Corporation 28
- Equalizer Mode 29
- Receiver PLL 30
- 2–14 Altera Corporation 32
- Receiver Bandwidth Type 33
- Clock Recovery Unit 34
- Altera Corporation 2–17 35
- Stratix GX Analog Description 35
- 2–18 Altera Corporation 36
- Altera Corporation 2–19 37
- Analog Features 38
- Notes (1)–(4) 39
- 2–22 Altera Corporation 40
- MegaWizard Analog Features 40
- Notes to Figure 2–14: 40
- Altera Corporation 2–23 41
- Note to Figure 2–15: 41
- 2–24 Altera Corporation 42
- Notes to Figure 2–16: 42
- Altera Corporation 2–25 43
- Notes to Figure 2–17: 43
- 2–26 Altera Corporation 44
- Notes to Figure 2–18: 44
- Altera Corporation 2–27 45
- 2–28 Altera Corporation 46
- 3. Basic Mode 47
- Basic Mode 48
- Manual Alignment Modes 51
- 3–6 Altera Corporation 52
- Altera Corporation 3–7 53
- 3–8 Altera Corporation 54
- 3–14 Altera Corporation 60
- Altera Corporation 3–15 61
- Byte Serializer 63
- Altera Corporation 3–21 67
- 3–22 Altera Corporation 68
- Basic Mode Clocking 68
- TX_PLL_CLK. If not available 70
- CORECLK_OUT through logic 70
- RX_CLKOUT 70
- Altera Corporation 3–25 71
- Altera Corporation 3–27 73
- 3–28 Altera Corporation 74
- 3–30 Altera Corporation 76
- Basic Mode MegaWizard Plug-In 76
- Notes to Figure 3–25: 76
- Altera Corporation 3–31 77
- Notes to Figure 3–26: 77
- 3–32 Altera Corporation 78
- Notes to Figure 3–27: 78
- Altera Corporation 3–33 79
- Notes to Figure 3–28: 79
- 3–34 Altera Corporation 80
- Notes to Figure 3–29: 80
- Altera Corporation 3–35 81
- Notes to Figure 3–30: 81
- 3–36 Altera Corporation 82
- 4. SONET Mode 83
- Altera Corporation 4–5 87
- 4–6 Altera Corporation 88
- Altera Corporation 4–7 89
- Altera Corporation 4–9 91
- 4–10 Altera Corporation 92
- Altera Corporation 4–13 95
- 4–14 Altera Corporation 96
- Altera Corporation 4–15 97
- TX_PLL_CLK. Available 98
- 4–18 Altera Corporation 100
- SONET Mode Clocking 100
- Altera Corporation 4–19 101
- SONET Mode 101
- Altera Corporation 4–21 103
- 4–22 Altera Corporation 104
- MegaWizard 105
- Plug-In Manager 105
- 4–24 Altera Corporation 106
- Notes to Figure 4–17: 106
- Altera Corporation 4–25 107
- Notes to Figure 4–18: 107
- 4–26 Altera Corporation 108
- Notes to Figure 4–19: 108
- Altera Corporation 4–27 109
- Notes to Figure 4–20: 109
- 4–28 Altera Corporation 110
- Notes to Figure 4–21: 110
- Altera Corporation 4–29 111
- Notes to Figure 4–22: 111
- 4–30 Altera Corporation 112
- 5. XAUI Mode 113
- 5–2 Altera Corporation 114
- Introduction 114
- XAUI Mode 117
- Receiver 117
- Word Aligner 118
- XAUI Synchronization Mode 119
- 5–8 Altera Corporation 120
- Note to Figure 5–6: 120
- Channel Aligner 121
- 5–10 Altera Corporation 122
- Rate Matcher 123
- 8B/10B Decoder 123
- 10-Bit Decoding 124
- Code Error Detect 124
- Disparity Error Detector 125
- Control Detect 126
- PCS - XGMII Code Conversion 127
- Byte Deserializer 127
- 5–16 Altera Corporation 128
- Altera Corporation 5–17 129
- Transmitter 130
- Altera Corporation 5–19 131
- 5–20 Altera Corporation 132
- 8B/10B Encoder 133
- 8B/10B Reset Condition 134
- Control Code Encoding 135
- Clocking 136
- Altera Corporation 5–25 137
- 5–26 Altera Corporation 138
- XAUI Mode Clocking 138
- 5–28 Altera Corporation 140
- Altera Corporation 5–29 141
- 5–30 Altera Corporation 142
- 5–32 Altera Corporation 144
- Altera Corporation 5–33 145
- Altera Corporation 5–35 147
- Notes to Figure 5–28: 147
- 5–36 Altera Corporation 148
- Notes to Figure 5–29: 148
- Altera Corporation 5–37 149
- Notes to Figure 5–30: 149
- 5–38 Altera Corporation 150
- Notes to Figure 5–31: 150
- Altera Corporation 5–39 151
- Notes to Figure 5–32: 151
- 5–40 Altera Corporation 152
- Notes to Figure 5–33: 152
- Altera Corporation 5–41 153
- 5–42 Altera Corporation 154
- 6. GigE Mode 155
- /C1/ and /C2/ code groups 156
- /K28.5/D21.5/Config_Reg (1) 156
- GigE Mode 158
- Pattern Detector Module 159
- 6–6 Altera Corporation 160
- Altera Corporation 6–7 161
- 6–8 Altera Corporation 162
- 6–10 Altera Corporation 164
- /K28.5/, /D5.6/) and 170
- 6–18 Altera Corporation 172
- Altera Corporation 6–21 175
- 6–22 Altera Corporation 176
- GigE Mode Clocking 176
- Altera Corporation 6–23 177
- Clock Port Description 178
- 6–26 Altera Corporation 180
- 6–28 Altera Corporation 182
- Altera Corporation 6–29 183
- 6–30 Altera Corporation 184
- 6–32 Altera Corporation 186
- GigE Mode MegaWizard 186
- Notes to Figure 6–27: 186
- Altera Corporation 6–33 187
- Notes to Figure 6–28: 187
- 6–34 Altera Corporation 188
- Notes to Figure 6–29: 188
- Altera Corporation 6–35 189
- Notes to Figure 6–30: 189
- 6–36 Altera Corporation 190
- Notes to Figure 6–31: 190
- Altera Corporation 6–37 191
- Notes to Figure 6–32: 191
- Design Example 192
- Altera Corporation 6–39 193
- 6–40 Altera Corporation 194
- Altera Corporation 6–41 195
- 6–42 Altera Corporation 196
- Altera Corporation 6–43 197
- 6–44 Altera Corporation 198
- Altera Corporation 6–45 199
- 6–46 Altera Corporation 200
- 7. Loopback Modes 201
- Parallel 202
- Non-Active Path 203
- Active Path 203
- Altera Corporation 8–1 205
- January 2005 205
- Notes to Figure 8–1: 205
- PRBS Mode Generator 206
- Incremental Mode Generator 207
- High-Frequency Mode Generator 207
- Low-Frequency Mode Generator 208
- Pattern Verifier 209
- Incremental Mode Verifier 210
- Examples 211
- 8–8 Altera Corporation 212
- Design Examples 212
- Altera Corporation 8–9 213
- 8–10 Altera Corporation 214
- Altera Corporation 8–11 215
- 8–12 Altera Corporation 216
- Altera Corporation 8–13 217
- 8–14 Altera Corporation 218
- Altera Corporation 8–15 219
- 8–16 Altera Corporation 220
- Altera Corporation 8–17 221
- 8–18 Altera Corporation 222
- Altera Corporation 8–19 223
- 8–20 Altera Corporation 224
- Altera Corporation 8–21 225
- 8–22 Altera Corporation 226
- 9. Reset Control & 227
- Power Down 227
- 9–2 Altera Corporation 228
- 9–4 Altera Corporation 230
- Recommended Resets 230
- Altera Corporation 9–5 231
- 9–6 Altera Corporation 232
- 9–8 Altera Corporation 234
- Altera Corporation 9–9 235
- 9–10 Altera Corporation 236
- Altera Corporation 9–11 237
- Altera Corporation 9–13 239
- 9–14 Altera Corporation 240
- Altera Corporation 9–15 241
- 9–16 Altera Corporation 242
- Altera Corporation 9–17 243
- 9–18 Altera Corporation 244
- Altera Corporation 9–19 245
- 9–20 Altera Corporation 246
- Altera Corporation 9–21 247
- Altera Corporation 248
- Altera Corporation 9–23 249
- 9–24 Altera Corporation 250
- Altera Corporation 9–25 251
- 9–26 Altera Corporation 252
- 9–28 Altera Corporation 254
- Altera Corporation 9–29 255
- 9–30 Altera Corporation 256
- Altera Corporation 9–31 257
- Receiver Reset 258
- Altera Corporation 9–33 259
- Altera Corporation 9–35 261
- 9–36 Altera Corporation 262
- Altera Corporation 9–37 263
- 9–38 Altera Corporation 264
- 9–40 Altera Corporation 266
- Altera Corporation 9–41 267
- 9–42 Altera Corporation 268
- Altera Corporation 9–43 269
- 9–44 Altera Corporation 270
- 9–46 Altera Corporation 272
- Altera Corporation 9–47 273
- 9–48 Altera Corporation 274
- 9–50 Altera Corporation 276
- Altera Corporation 9–51 277
- Transmitter Reset 278
- Altera Corporation 9–53 279
- Stable TXPLL Clock 280
- Altera Corporation 9–55 281
- 9–56 Altera Corporation 282
- 8B/10B Code 285
- A–2 Altera Corporation 286
- Supported Codes 287
- A–12 Altera Corporation 296
- Appendix B. Ports & 297
- Parameters 297
- Output Ports 301
- Parameter 305
- Descriptions 305
- port must be used 309
- Appendix C. REFCLKB Pin 311
- Constraints 311
- C–2 Altera Corporation 312
- Known Issues 312
- Quartus II Software Messages 313
- Recommendations 315
- C–6 Altera Corporation 316
- Altera Corporation C–7 317
- C–8 Altera Corporation 318
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